So What is Global Warming?
A potential increase in the temperature of the earth's atmosphere caused by the greenhouse effect is termed as 'Global Warming'. The meaning of greenhouse effect is the trapping of the sun's warmth in the lower atmosphere caused by high levels of Carbon dioxide & other greenhouse gases more transparent to incoming solar radiation than to reflected infrared radiation. The most abundant greenhouse gases ranked in the order of their contribution to the greenhouse effect are water vapour (36 - 70 %), carbon dioxide (9 - 26 %), methane (4 - 9 %) and ozone (3 - 7 %). Even clouds absorb & emit infrared radiation and thus contributing to the greenhouse effect.
Many climate scientists are studying about Global Warming for years & years. According to their study on the past climate variations, they say that the 21 st century might experience a temperature rise of about 3 to 8 degrees, drastic climate & weather shifts, icy areas contracting, rise in the sea levels, fatal calamities & most importantly & widely visible would be 'Danger to our blue planet'.
Aren't temperature changes natural?
The average global temperature and concentrations of carbon dioxide (one of the major greenhouse gases) have fluctuated on a cycle of hundreds of thousands of years as the Earth's position relative to the sun has varied. As a result, ice ages have come and gone.
However, for thousands of years now, emissions of GHGs to the atmosphere have been balanced out by GHGs that are naturally absorbed. As a result, GHG concentrations and temperature have been fairly stable. This stability has allowed human civilization to develop within a consistent climate.
Occasionally, other factors briefly influence global temperatures. Volcanic eruptions, for example, emit particles that temporarily cool the Earth's surface. But these have no lasting effect beyond a few years. Other cycles, such as El Niño, also work on fairly short and predictable cycles.
Now, humans have increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere by more than a third since the industrial revolution. Changes this large have historically taken thousands of years, but are now happening over the course of decades.